Millennial Kingdom of Christ
In the days of those kings, the God of heaven will set up a kingdom that will never be destroyed...
According to biblical prophecy, the Millennium or Millennial Kingdom, is a thousand-year period following the Second Coming of Christ. It represents a time when Jesus will physically reign on earth, establishing His kingdom and fulfilling both Old and New Testament prophecies. This era comes after a time of Great Tribulation and ushers in an era of peace, prosperity, and blessing for Israel and all nations. In this article, we'll explore different aspects of the Millennial Kingdom. Key concepts like eschatology, premillennialism, and amillennialism will be examined alongside relevant scriptures. Additionally, we'll touch on the historical interpretations surrounding the Millennial Kingdom, tracing its roots from early Christian thinkers to contemporary theological perspectives.
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Millennial Kingdom on the Prophetic Timeline
The prophetic significance of God's feasts in the biblical calendar gives us a framework for understanding the timing and nature of the Millennial Kingdom, defining its role in God's redemptive plan for humanity. While the spring feasts of Passover, Unleavened Bread, Firstfruits, and Weeks are connected to Christ's first coming, signifying His death, resurrection, and establishment of His church, the fall set of feasts including Trumpets, Day of Atonement, and Tabernacles point to His second coming, the judgment of humanity, and finally, God's eternal dwelling with men.
The Millennial Kingdom of Christ on earth is a partial fulfillment of the Feast of Tabernacles, the last of the feasts. We'll see the final fulfilment of this feast when heavenly Jerusalem merges with the New Earth and God's presence fills His new creation.
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Passover-Crucifixion-Sin Offering
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Unleavened Bread-Redemption-Freedom from Sin
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First Fruits-Resurrection-Spiritual Birth
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Feast of Weeks-Outpouring of the Holy Spirit
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Feast of Trumpets-Christ's Second Coming
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Millennial Kingdom
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Day of Atonement-The Judgement Day
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Tabernacles-Heavenly Jerusalem on New Earth
Scriptural Basis for the Millennial Kingdom
Old Testament prophets overflow with prophecies about the Millennium, foretelling a future time when God's kingdom would be established on earth. In the New Testament, the book of Revelation provides a definition of the Millennial Kingdom, including its timing, the reign of Christ, and the events surrounding it.
Below is the summary of scriptures describing Millennial Kingdom:
Key Features of the Millennial Kingdom in the Old Testament
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Gathering of the people of Israel
Remnant of Judah and Israel will be gathered from all the nations they have been scattered to. Yahweh will bring them back to their own land and make them one nation.
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Restoration of the land of Israel
The land of Israel will be restored, its nature resembling the garden of Eden, overflowing with water and abundant produce. Cities will be rebuilt and resettled.
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Establishment of Yahweh's Kingdom
In the last days, Yahweh's kingdom will be established as the chief of the mountains, with nations streaming to it. Yahweh's glory will shine over Israel, bringing nations, kings, and wealth to Jerusalem. It will be known as the City of Yahweh, ruling over the nations.
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Reign of the Messiah
The Messiah, described as Wonderful Counselor and Prince of Peace, will reign with justice and righteousness forever. A spirit of Yahweh will rest on Him, and He will judge the nations.
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The Temple rebuilt and operating
Yahweh's Temple will be rebuilt and operating in Jerusalem according to the prophecy in the book of Ezekiel, chapters 40-46.
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The Covenant of Peace
"Yahweh will establish an everlasting covenant of peace with His people, ensuring that there is no more war or presence of wild animals in the land of Israel."
Prophecies of the Millennial Kingdom in the Old Testament
In Genesis, we first encounter the concept of a coming ruler who will rule the nations, while Daniel provides us with a general timing of His coming.
10 The scepter shall not depart from Judah, Nor a lawgiver from between his feet, Until Shiloh comes; And to Him shall be the obedience of the nations.
This is the first scripture pointing to the ruler from the line of Judah who will rule the nations when he comes. This sentence has various translations, below is the Hebrew vocabulary to help us understand its true meaning:
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Lawgiver: comes from Hebrew מְחֹקֵ֖ק (mehokek) and in turn from חֹק (hok) meaning the law.
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Shiloh: comes from Hebrew שִׁילֹה. Although this word does not have a clear definition, it clearly refers to the Messiah, who will rule over the nations. Shilo is also used in the Bible to refer to a location where the tabernacle stood before being relocated to Jerusalem (Jeremiah 7:12). Hebrew words related to Shilo can provide understanding of its meaning:
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שֶׁלֶה (Sheleh) - "tranquility" or "serenity."
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שַׁלְוָה (Shalva) - "contentment" or "ease."
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שִׁלֵּה (Shileh) - "sent" or "dispatched."
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שָׁלוֹם (Shalom) - "peace."
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Obedience: comes from Hebrew יִקָּהָה (yiqhah).
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Nations: comes from Hebrew עַמִּֽים (amim), a plural version of עַם (am).
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Nations will mix with one another but will not hold together
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In that time the God of heaven will set up an everlasting kingdom
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God’s kingdom will shatter all other kingdoms and will stand forever
43 As you saw the iron mixed with clay, so the peoples will mix with one another, but will not hold together any more than iron mixes with clay. 44 In the days of those kings, the God of heaven will set up a kingdom that will never be destroyed, nor will it be left to another people. It will shatter all these kingdoms and bring them to an end, but will itself stand forever.
Millennium in Psalms
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Nations and their kings rage and plot in vain against Yahweh and His Messiah
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The Lord laughs at them, rebukes them and terrifies them
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The Lord installs His King, His Son, on His holy Mount Zion
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The Lord gives His Son all nations as inheritance to be ruled with an iron scepter
1 Why do the nations rage and the peoples plot in vain? 2 The kings of the earth take their stand and the rulers gather together, against Yahweh and against His Anointed One: 3 “Let us break Their chains and cast away Their cords.” 4 The One enthroned in heaven laughs; the Lord taunts them. 5 Then He rebukes them in His anger, and terrifies them in His fury: 6 “I have installed My King on Zion, upon My holy mountain.” 7 I will proclaim the decree spoken to Me by Yahweh: “You are My Son; today I have become Your Father. 8 Ask Me, and I will make the nations Your inheritance, the ends of the earth Your possession. 9 You will break them with an iron scepter; You will shatter them like pottery.” 10 Therefore be wise, O kings; be admonished, O judges of the earth. 11 Serve the LORD with fear, and rejoice with trembling. 12 Kiss the Son, lest He be angry and you perish in your rebellion, when His wrath ignites in an instant. Blessed are all who take refuge in Him.
27 All the ends of the earth will remember and turn to Yahweh. All the families of the nations will bow down before Him. 28 For dominion belongs to Yahweh and He rules over the nations. 29 All the rich of the earth will feast and worship; all who go down to the dust will kneel before Him— even those unable to preserve their lives. 30 Posterity will serve Him; they will declare the Lord to a new generation. 31 They will come and proclaim His righteousness to a people yet unborn— all that He has done.
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The King of Glory, Yahweh of Hosts, who is mighty in battle, is coming
7 Lift up your heads, O gates! Be lifted up, O ancient doors, that the King of Glory may enter! 8 Who is this King of Glory? Yahweh strong and mighty, the Yahweh mighty in battle. 9 Lift up your heads, O gates! Be lifted up, O ancient doors, that the King of Glory may enter! 10 Who is He, this King of Glory? Yahweh of Hosts— He is the King of Glory.
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God will endow the Son of the King with righteousness
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He will judge His people with righteousness
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They will revere Him through all generations
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In His days the righteous will flourish and prosperity abound until the moon is no more (new heaven and earth)
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His rule will be to the ends of the earth
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All kings and nations will bow before Him and serve Him
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He will deliver the needy and the oppressed
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There will be abundance of food in the land of Israel
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In Him all nations will be blessed
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The earth will be filled with the glory of Yahweh
1 Endow the king with Your justice, O God (Elohim), and the son of the king with Your righteousness. 2 May he judge Your people with righteousness and Your afflicted with justice. 3 May the mountains bring peace to the people, and the hills bring righteousness. 4 May he vindicate the afflicted among the people; may he save the children of the needy and crush the oppressor. 5 May they revere him as long as the sun shines, as long as the moon remains, through all generations. 6 May he be like rain that falls on freshly cut grass, like spring showers that water the earth. 7 May the righteous flourish in his days and prosperity abound, until the moon is no more. 8 May he rule from sea to sea, and from the Euphrates to the ends of the earth. 9 May the nomads bow before him, and his enemies lick the dust. 10 May the kings of Tarshish and distant shores bring tribute; may the kings of Sheba and Seba offer gifts. 11 May all kings bow down to him and all nations serve him. 12 For he will deliver the needy who cry out and the afflicted who have no helper. 13 He will take pity on the poor and needy and save the lives of the oppressed. 14 He will redeem them from oppression and violence, for their blood is precious in his sight. 15 Long may he live! May gold from Sheba be given him. May people ever pray for him; may they bless him all day long. 16 May there be an abundance of grain in the land; may it sway atop the hills. May its fruit trees flourish like the forests of Lebanon, and its people like the grass of the field. 17 May his name endure forever; may his name continue as long as the sun shines. In him may all nations be blessed; may they call him blessed. 18 Blessed be Yahweh God, the God of Israel, who alone does marvelous deeds. 19 And blessed be His glorious name forever; may all the earth be filled with His glory. Amen and amen.
Millennium in the Book of Isaiah
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Many people will come to Zion to learn the ways and the law of Yahweh
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Yahweh will be judge over the nations
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There will be no more war
2 In the last days the mountain of the house of Yahweh will be established as the chief of the mountains; it will be raised above the hills, and all nations will stream to it. 3 And many peoples will come and say: “Come, let us go up to the mountain of Yahweh, to the house of the God of Jacob. He will teach us His ways so that we may walk in His paths.” For the law will go forth from Zion, and the word of Yahweh from Jerusalem. 4 Then He will judge between the nations and arbitrate for many peoples. They will beat their swords into plowshares and their spears into pruning hooks. Nation will no longer take up the sword against nation, nor train anymore for war.
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On that day the Branch of Yahweh will be beautiful and glorious in Zion
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Whoever survived the tribulation and turned to Yahweh will be called holy
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Yahweh will create a cloud of smoke by day and a glowing flame of fire by night over Mont Zion
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The glory of Yahweh will be a shelter from heat, storm and rain
1 In that day seven women will take hold of one man and say, “We will eat our own bread and provide our own clothes. Just let us be called by your name. Take away our disgrace!” 2 On that day the Branch of Yahweh will be beautiful and glorious, and the fruit of the land will be the pride and glory of Israel’s survivors. 3 Whoever remains in Zion and whoever is left in Jerusalem will be called holy— all in Jerusalem who are recorded among the living— 4 when the Lord has washed away the filth of the daughters of Zion and cleansed the bloodstains from the heart of Jerusalem by a spirit of judgment and a spirit of fire. 5 Then Yahweh will create over all of Mount Zion and over her assemblies a cloud of smoke by day and a glowing flame of fire by night. For over all the glory there will be a canopy, 6 a shelter to give shade from the heat by day, and a refuge and hiding place from the storm and the rain.
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Unto us a Son is given and government will be on His shoulders
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He will be called Wonderful Counselor, Mighty God, Everlasting Father and Prince of Peace
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There will be no end to His government and peace
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He will reign on David’s throne with justice and righteousness forever
6 For unto us a child is born, unto us a son is given, and the government will be upon His shoulders. And He will be called Wonderful Counselor, Mighty God, Everlasting Father, Prince of Peace. 7 Of the increase of His government and peace there will be no end. He will reign on the throne of David and over his kingdom, to establish and sustain it with justice and righteousness from that time and forevermore. The zeal of Yahweh of Hosts will accomplish this.
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A shoot will spring up from the stump of Jesse (father of king David)
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A branch from his roots will bare fruit (John 15:5)
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He will judge with righteousness (John 5:22-30)
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He will strike the earth with the rod of His mouth (2 Thessalonians 2:8, Revelation 19:15)
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He will bring complete peace to earth
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The earth will be full of the knowledge of Yahweh
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He will stand as a banner for nations
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He will gather the exiles of Israel from all the earth
1 Then a shoot will spring up from the stump of Jesse, and a Branch from his roots will bear fruit. 2 The Spirit of Yahweh will rest on Him— the Spirit of wisdom and understanding, the Spirit of counsel and strength, the Spirit of knowledge and fear of Yahweh. 3 And He will delight in the fear of Yahweh. He will not judge by what His eyes see, and He will not decide by what His ears hear, 4 but with righteousness He will judge the poor, and with equity He will decide for the lowly of the earth. He will strike the earth with the rod of His mouth and slay the wicked with the breath of His lips. 5 Righteousness will be the belt around His hips, and faithfulness the sash around His waist. 6 The wolf will live with the lamb, and the leopard will lie down with the goat; the calf and young lion and fatling will be together, and a little child will lead them. 7 The cow will graze with the bear, their young will lie down together, and the lion will eat straw like the ox. 8 The infant will play by the cobra’s den, and the toddler will reach into the viper’s nest. 9 They will neither harm nor destroy on all My holy mountain, for the earth will be full of the knowledge of Yahweh as the sea is full of water. 10 On that day the Root of Jesse will stand as a banner for the peoples. The nations will seek Him, and His place of rest will be glorious. 11 On that day the Lord will extend His hand a second time to recover the remnant of His people from Assyria, from Egypt, from Pathros, from Cush, from Elam, from Shinar, from Hamath, and from the islands of the sea. 12 He will raise a banner for the nations and gather the exiles of Israel; He will collect the scattered of Judah from the four corners of the earth. 13 Then the jealousy of Ephraim will depart, and the adversaries of Judah will be cut off. Ephraim will no longer envy Judah, nor will Judah harass Ephraim. 14 They will swoop down on the slopes of the Philistines to the west; together they will plunder the sons of the east. They will lay their hands on Edom and Moab, and the Ammonites will be subject to them. 15 Yahweh will devote to destruction the gulf of the Sea of Egypt; with a scorching wind He will sweep His hand over the Euphrates. He will split it into seven streams for men to cross with dry sandals. 16 There will be a highway for the remnant of His people who remain from Assyria, as there was for Israel when they came up from the land of Egypt.
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A king and his princes will reign in righteousness (Revelation 5:10)
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They will be a shelter from the wind, storm and heat
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People’s sanity will be restored
1 Behold, a king will reign in righteousness, and princes will rule with justice. 2 Each will be like a shelter from the wind, a refuge from the storm, like streams of water in a dry land, like the shadow of a great rock in an arid land. 3 Then the eyes of those who see will no longer be closed, and the ears of those who hear will listen. 4 The mind of the rash will know and understand, and the stammering tongue will speak clearly and fluently. 5 No longer will a fool be called noble, nor a scoundrel be respected.
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The desert will blossom
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The land will see the glory of Yahweh
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He will come with vengeance to save His people
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He will bring healing to his people
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There will be a highway called the Way of Holiness for those who walk in the Way (John 14:6)
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The redeemed of Yahweh will return to Zion with everlasting joy
1 The wilderness and the land will be glad; the desert will rejoice and blossom like a rose. 2 It will bloom profusely and rejoice with joy and singing. The glory of Lebanon will be given to it, he splendor of Carmel and Sharon. They will see the glory of Yahweh, the splendor of our God. 3 Strengthen the limp hands and steady the feeble knees! 4 Say to those with anxious hearts: “Be strong, do not fear! Behold, your God will come with vengeance. With divine retribution He will come to save you.” 5 Then the eyes of the blind will be opened and the ears of the deaf unstopped. 6 Then the lame will leap like a deer and the mute tongue will shout for joy. For waters will gush forth in the wilderness, and streams in the desert. 7 The parched ground will become a pool, the thirsty land springs of water. In the haunt where jackals once lay, there will be grass and reeds and papyrus. 8 And there will be a highway called the Way of Holiness. The unclean will not travel it— only those who walk in the Way— and fools will not stray onto it. 9 No lion will be there, and no vicious beast will go up on it. Such will not be found there, but the redeemed will walk upon it. 10 So the redeemed of Yahweh will return and enter Zion with singing, crowned with everlasting joy. Gladness and joy will overtake them, and sorrow and sighing will flee.
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The foreigners who keep the Sabbath and the covenant, Yahweh will bring to His holy mountain (Zion) and make them joyful in His House of Prayer
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He will except their burnt offerings and sacrifices
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His house will be called a house of prayer for all the nations
4 For this is what Yahweh says: “To the eunuchs who keep My Sabbaths, who choose what pleases Me and hold fast to My covenant— 5 I will give them, in My house and within My walls, a memorial and a name better than that of sons and daughters. I will give them an everlasting name that will not be cut off. 6 And the foreigners who join themselves to Yahweh to minister to Him, to love the name of Yahweh, and to be His servants— all who keep the Sabbath without profaning it and who hold fast to My covenant— 7 I will bring them to My holy mountain and make them joyful in My house of prayer. Their burnt offerings and sacrifices will be accepted on My altar, for My house will be called a house of prayer for all the nations.” 8 Thus declares the Lord Yahweh, who gathers the dispersed of Israel: “I will gather to them still others besides those already gathered.”
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There will be darkness over the earth and nations
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Yahweh’s glory will appear over Israel
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Nations, kings and wealth will come to Israel
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Yahweh will glorify His house Israel
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Yahweh’s people will be brought back from afar with their riches
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Foreigners will rebuild the walls of Jerusalem and kings will serve His people
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The gates of Jerusalem will always stand open to bring in the wealth of the nations
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The nation or kingdom that will not serve Israel will be destroyed
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Yahweh will adorn the place of His sanctuary
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The sons of Israel’s oppressors will come and bow down to Jerusalem and call it the City of Yahweh, Zion of the Holy One of Israel
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Jerusalem will know that Yahweh is their Savior and Redeemer, the Mighty One of Jacob
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Peace and righteousness will rule in Israel
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There will be no more violence or destruction
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Yahweh will be their everlasting light
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All of Israel’s people will be righteous, they are the branch of Yahweh’s planting, the work of His hands so He can be glorified
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In it’s time Yahweh will accomplish this quickly
1 Arise, shine, for your light has come, and the glory of Yahweh rises upon you. 2 For behold, darkness covers the earth, and thick darkness is over the peoples; but Yahweh will rise upon you, and His glory will appear over you. 3 Nations will come to your light, and kings to the brightness of your dawn. 4 Lift up your eyes and look around: They all gather and come to you; your sons will come from afar, and your daughters will be carried on the arm. 5 Then you will look and be radiant, and your heart will tremble and swell with joy, because the riches of the sea will be brought to you, and the wealth of the nations will come to you. 6 Caravans of camels will cover your land, young camels of Midian and Ephah, and all from Sheba will come, bearing gold and frankincense and proclaiming the praises of Yahweh. 7 All the flocks of Kedar will be gathered to you; the rams of Nebaioth will serve you and go up on My altar with acceptance; I will adorn My glorious house. 8 Who are these who fly like clouds, like doves to their shelters? 9 Surely the islands will wait for Me, with the ships of Tarshish in the lead, to bring your children from afar, with their silver and gold, to the honor of Yahweh your God, the Holy One of Israel, for He has glorified you. 10 Foreigners will rebuild your walls, and their kings will serve you. Although I struck you in anger, yet in favor I will show you mercy. 11 Your gates will always stand open; they will never be shut, day or night, so that the wealth of the nations may be brought into you, with their kings being led in procession. 12 For the nation or kingdom that will not serve you will perish; it will be utterly destroyed. 13 The glory of Lebanon will come to you— its cypress, elm, and boxwood together— to adorn the place of My sanctuary, and I will glorify the place of My feet. 14 The sons of your oppressors will come and bow down to you; all who reviled you will fall facedown at your feet and call you the City of Yahweh, Zion of the Holy One of Israel. 15 Whereas you have been forsaken and despised, with no one passing through, I will make you an everlasting pride, a joy from age to age. 16 You will drink the milk of nations and nurse at the breasts of royalty; you will know that I, Yahweh, am your Savior and your Redeemer, the Mighty One of Jacob. 17 Instead of bronze I will bring you gold; I will bring silver in place of iron, bronze instead of wood, and iron instead of stones. I will appoint peace as your governor and righteousness as your ruler. 18 No longer will violence be heard in your land, nor ruin or destruction within your borders. But you will name your walls Salvation and your gates Praise. 19 No longer will the sun be your light by day, nor the brightness of the moon shine on your night; for Yahweh will be your everlasting light, and your God will be your splendor. 20 Your sun will no longer set, and your moon will not wane; for Yahweh will be your everlasting light, and the days of your sorrow will cease. 21 Then all your people will be righteous; they will possess the land forever; they are the branch of My planting, the work of My hands, so that I may be glorified. 22 The least of you will become a thousand, and the smallest a mighty nation. I am Yahweh; in its time I will accomplish it quickly.
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Yahweh will come with fire to execute His anger
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By fire and by His sword he will execute judgement on all flesh and many will be slain
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All who practice idolatry and eat unclean flesh will perish
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Yahweh is coming to gather all nations to come and see His glory
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Yahweh will establish a sign among Israel and will send its survivors to the nations to proclaim His Glory and bring back their brothers
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From one new moon to another and from one Sabbath to another all mankind will come to worship before Yahweh
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On their way the corpses of men who rebelled against Yahweh will be perpetual memorial
15 For behold, Yahweh will come with fire— His chariots are like a whirlwind— to execute His anger with fury and His rebuke with flames of fire. 16 For by fire and by His sword, Yahweh will execute judgment on all flesh, and many will be slain by Yahweh. 17 “Those who consecrate and purify themselves to enter the groves—to follow one in the center of those who eat the flesh of swine and vermin and rats—will perish together,” declares Yahweh. 18 “And I, knowing their deeds and thoughts, am coming to gather all nations and tongues, and they will come and see My glory. 19 I will establish a sign among them, and I will send survivors from among them to the nations—to Tarshish, Put, and the archers of Lud; to Tubal, Javan, and the islands far away who have not heard of My fame or seen My glory. So they will proclaim My glory among the nations. 20 And they will bring all your brothers from all the nations as a gift to Yahweh on horses and chariots and wagons, on mules and camels, to My holy mountain Jerusalem,” says Yahweh, “just as the Israelites bring an offering in a clean vessel to the house of Yahweh.” 21 “And I will select some of them as priests and Levites,” says Yahweh. 22 “For just as the new heavens and the new earth, which I will make, will endure before Me,” declares Yahweh, “so your descendants and your name will endure. 23 From one New Moon to another and from one Sabbath to another, all mankind will come to worship before Me,” says Yahweh. 24 “As they go forth, they will see the corpses of the men who have rebelled against Me; for their worm will never die, their fire will never be quenched, and they will be a horror to all mankind.”
Millennium in the Book of Jeremiah
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Yahweh will bring His children to Zion and will give them shepherds after His own heart
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The ark of the covenant will no longer be remembered nor another one made
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Jerusalem will be called the Throne of Yahweh
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All nations will be gathered to Jerusalem to honour the name of Yahweh
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The house of Judah and the house of Israel will come together from the land of the north to inherit their land
14 “Return, O faithless children,” declares Yahweh, “for I am your master, and I will take you—one from a city and two from a family—and bring you to Zion. 15 Then I will give you shepherds after My own heart, who will feed you with knowledge and understanding.” 16 “In those days, when you multiply and increase in the land,” declares Yahweh, “they will no longer discuss the ark of the covenant of Yahweh. It will never come to mind, and no one will remember it or miss it, nor will another one be made. 17 At that time Jerusalem will be called The Throne of Yahweh, and all the nations will be gathered in Jerusalem to honor the name of Yahweh. They will no longer follow the stubbornness of their evil hearts. 18 In those days the house of Judah will walk with the house of Israel, and they will come together from the land of the north to the land that I gave to your fathers as an inheritance.
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The shepherds of Israel destroyed and scattered Yahweh’s flock
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Yahweh will gather the remnant of His flock and raise shepherds over them
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Yahweh will raise up for David a righteous branch as a King over Israel
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His name will be called Yahweh our righteousness
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Judah and Israel will dwell securely in their land
1 “Woe to the shepherds who destroy and scatter the sheep of My pasture!” declares Yahweh. 2 Therefore this is what Yahweh, the God of Israel, says about the shepherds who tend My people: “You have scattered My flock and driven them away, and have not attended to them. Behold, I will attend to you for the evil of your deeds, declares Yahweh. 3 Then I Myself will gather the remnant of My flock from all the lands to which I have banished them, and I will return them to their pasture, where they will be fruitful and multiply. 4 I will raise up shepherds over them who will tend them, and they will no longer be afraid or dismayed, nor will any go missing, declares Yahweh. 5 Behold, the days are coming, declares Yahweh, when I will raise up for David a righteous Branch, and He will reign wisely as King and will administer justice and righteousness in the land. 6 In His days Judah will be saved, and Israel will dwell securely. And this is His name by which He will be called: Yahweh Our Righteousness. 7 So behold, the days are coming, declares Yahweh, when they will no longer say, ‘As surely as Yahweh lives, who brought the Israelites up out of the land of Egypt.’ 8 Instead they will say, ‘As surely as Yahweh lives, who brought and led the descendants of the house of Israel up out of the land of the north and all the other lands to which He had banished them.’ Then they will dwell once more in their own land.”
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On that day Yahweh will break the yoke off the necks of His people
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They will serve Yahweh their God and David their King
8 On that day, declares Yahweh of Hosts, I will break the yoke off their necks and tear off their bonds, and no longer will strangers enslave them. 9 Instead, they will serve Yahweh their God and David their king, whom I will raise up for them.
Millennium in the Book of Ezekiel
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Yahweh will gather His people from the countries they have been scattered to back to land of Israel
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Yahweh will put a new spirit within them
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He will give them a heart of flesh instead of a heart of stone
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They will follow Yahweh's statutes and keep His ordinances
17 Therefore declare that this is what the Lord Yahweh says: ‘I will gather you from the peoples and assemble you from the countries to which you have been scattered, and I will give back to you the land of Israel.’ 18 When they return to it, they will remove all its detestable things and all its abominations. 19 And I will give them singleness of heart and put a new spirit within them; I will remove their heart of stone and give them a heart of flesh, 20 so that they may follow My statutes, keep My ordinances, and practice them. Then they will be My people, and I will be their God.
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When Yahweh will gather His people back to Israel He will show Himself holy in the sight of the nations
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They will dwell securely in their own land
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Yahweh will execute judgments against those who treat them with contempt
25 This is what the Lord Yahweh says: ‘When I gather the house of Israel from the peoples among whom they have been scattered, I will show Myself holy among them in the sight of the nations. Then they will dwell in their own land, which I have given to My servant Jacob. 26 And there they will dwell securely, build houses, and plant vineyards. They will dwell securely when I execute judgments against all those around them who treat them with contempt. Then they will know that I am Yahweh their God.’ ”
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Yahweh will search for His flock and bring them back to their own land
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Yahweh will feed and take care of His sheep
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Yahweh will be their judge
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Yahweh will appoint over them His servant David to be their shepherd
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Yahweh will be their God and His servant David will be their prince
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Yahweh will make a covenant of peace (Ezekiel 37:26) with His people and rid the land of wild animals
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Yahweh will raise up a garden of renown (garden of Eden) and there will be abundance of food
11 For this is what the Lord Yahweh says: ‘Behold, I Myself will search for My flock and seek them out. 12 As a shepherd looks for his scattered sheep when he is among the flock, so I will look for My flock. I will rescue them from all the places to which they were scattered on a day of clouds and darkness. 13 I will bring them out from the peoples, gather them from the countries, and bring them into their own land. I will feed them on the mountains of Israel, in the ravines, and in all the settlements of the land. 14 I will feed them in good pasture, and the lofty mountains of Israel will be their grazing land. There they will lie down in a good grazing land; they will feed in rich pasture on the mountains of Israel. 15 I will tend My flock and make them lie down, declares the Lord Yahweh. 16 I will seek the lost, bring back the strays, bind up the broken, and strengthen the weak; but the sleek and strong I will destroy. I will shepherd them with justice.’ 17 This is what the Lord Yahweh says to you, My flock: ‘I will judge between one sheep and another, between the rams and the goats. 18 Is it not enough for you to feed on the good pasture? Must you also trample the rest of the pasture with your feet? Is it not enough for you to drink the clear waters? Must you also muddy the rest with your feet? 19 Why must My flock feed on what your feet have trampled, and drink what your feet have muddied?’ 20 Therefore this is what the Lord Yahweh says to them: ‘Behold, I Myself will judge between the fat sheep and the lean sheep. 21 Since you shove with flank and shoulder, butting all the weak ones with your horns until you have scattered them abroad, 22 I will save My flock, and they will no longer be prey. I will judge between one sheep and another. 23 I will appoint over them one shepherd, My servant David, and he will feed them. He will feed them and be their shepherd. 24 Yahweh, will be their God, and My servant David will be a prince among them. I, Yahweh, have spoken. 25 I will make with them a covenant of peace and rid the land of wild animals, so that they may dwell securely in the wilderness and sleep in the forest. 26 I will make them and the places around My hill a blessing. I will send down showers in season—showers of blessing. 27 The trees of the field will give their fruit, and the land will yield its produce; My flock will be secure in their land. Then they will know that I am Yahweh, when I have broken the bars of their yoke and delivered them from the hands that enslaved them. 28 They will no longer be prey for the nations, and the beasts of the earth will not consume them. They will dwell securely, and no one will frighten them. 29 And I will raise up for them a garden of renown, and they will no longer be victims of famine in the land or bear the scorn of the nations. 30 Then they will know that I, Yahweh their God, am with them, and that they, the house of Israel, are My people,’ declares the Lord Yahweh. 31 ‘You are My flock, the sheep of My pasture, My people, and I am your God,’ declares the Lord Yahweh.”
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House of Israel has profaned Yahweh’s name among the nations
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Yahweh will show the holiness of His name to the nations when he brings His people back to their land
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Yahweh will cleanse them from all their impurities
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Yahweh will give them a new heart and will put His Spirit within them
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Yahweh will cause them to walk in His statutes and to observe His ordinances
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Yahweh will make food plentiful and cities resettled
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The land will become like a garden of Eden
22 Therefore tell the house of Israel that this is what the Lord Yahweh says: It is not for your sake that I will act, O house of Israel, but for My holy name, which you profaned among the nations to which you went. 23 I will show the holiness of My great name, which has been profaned among the nations—the name you have profaned among them. Then the nations will know that I am Yahweh, declares the Lord Yahweh, when I show My holiness in you before their eyes. 24 For I will take you from among the nations and gather you out of all the countries, and I will bring you back into your own land. 25 I will also sprinkle clean water on you, and you will be clean. I will cleanse you from all your impurities and all your idols. 26 I will give you a new heart and put a new spirit within you; I will remove your heart of stone and give you a heart of flesh. 27 And I will put My Spirit within you and cause you to walk in My statutes and to carefully observe My ordinances. 28 Then you will live in the land that I gave your forefathers; you will be My people, and I will be your God. 29 I will save you from all your uncleanness. I will summon the grain and make it plentiful, and I will not bring famine upon you. 30 I will also make the fruit of the trees and the crops of the field plentiful, so that you will no longer bear reproach among the nations on account of famine. 31 Then you will remember your evil ways and wicked deeds, and you will loathe yourselves for your iniquities and abominations. 32 It is not for your sake that I will act, declares the Lord Yahweh—let it be known to you. Be ashamed and disgraced for your ways, O house of Israel! 33 This is what the Lord Yahweh says: On the day I cleanse you from all your iniquities, I will cause the cities to be resettled and the ruins to be rebuilt. 34 The desolate land will be cultivated instead of lying desolate in the sight of all who pass through. 35 Then they will say, ‘This land that was desolate has become like the garden of Eden. The cities that were once ruined, desolate, and destroyed are now fortified and inhabited.’ 36 Then the nations around you that remain will know that I, Yahweh, have rebuilt what was destroyed, and I have replanted what was desolate. I, Yahweh, have spoken, and I will do it. 37 This is what the Lord Yahweh says: Once again I will hear the plea of the house of Israel and do for them this: I will multiply their people like a flock. 38 Like the numerous flocks for sacrifices at Jerusalem during her appointed feasts, so the ruined cities will be filled with flocks of people. Then they will know that I am Yahweh.”
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Yahweh will take the Israelites out of the nations and bring them to their own land
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They will be one united nation
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Yahweh will cleanse them from their transgressions
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They will follow His ordinances and keep His statutes
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Yahweh's servant David will be their prince forever
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Yahweh will make an everlasting covenant of peace with them
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Yahweh will set His sanctuary among them forever
21…you are to tell them that this is what the Lord Yahweh says: ‘I will take the Israelites out of the nations to which they have gone, and I will gather them from all around and bring them into their own land. 22 I will make them one nation in the land, on the mountains of Israel, and one king will rule over all of them. Then they will no longer be two nations and will never again be divided into two kingdoms. 23 They will no longer defile themselves with their idols or detestable images, or with any of their transgressions. I will save them from all their apostasies by which they sinned, and I will cleanse them. Then they will be My people, and I will be their God. 24 My servant David will be king over them, and there will be one shepherd for all of them. They will follow My ordinances and keep and observe My statutes. 25 They will live in the land that I gave to My servant Jacob, where your fathers lived. They will live there forever with their children and grandchildren, and My servant David will be their prince forever. 26 And I will make a covenant of peace with them; it will be an everlasting covenant. I will establish them and multiply them, and I will set My sanctuary among them forever. 27 My dwelling place will be with them; I will be their God, and they will be My people. 28 Then the nations will know that I Yahweh sanctify Israel, when My sanctuary is among them forever.’ ”
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Measurements of the New Temple ( 40:1–42:20 )
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Temple Worship Restored ( 43:1–46:24 )
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The Land of Israel Restored ( 47:1–48:35 )
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The glory of the God of Israel will come from the East
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The glory of Yahweh will enter the temple through the East gate and fill the temple
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This temple will be the place for Yahweh's throne
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The house of Israel will never defile Yahweh's holy name again
1 Then the man brought me back to the gate that faces east, 2 and I saw the glory of the God of Israel coming from the east. His voice was like the roar of many waters, and the earth shone with His glory. 3 The vision I saw was like the vision I had seen when He came to destroy the city and like the visions I had seen by the River Kebar. I fell facedown, 4 and the glory of Yahweh entered the temple through the gate facing east. 5 Then the Spirit lifted me up and brought me into the inner court, and the glory of Yahweh filled the temple. 6 While the man was standing beside me, I heard someone speaking to me from inside the temple, 7 and He said to me, “Son of man, this is the place of My throne and the place for the soles of My feet, where I will dwell among the Israelites forever. The house of Israel will never again defile My holy name—neither they nor their kings—by their prostitution and by the funeral offerings for their kings at their deaths. 8 When they placed their threshold next to My threshold and their doorposts beside My doorposts, with only a wall between Me and them, they defiled My holy name by the abominations they committed. Therefore I have consumed them in My anger. 9 Now let them remove far from Me their prostitution and the funeral offerings for their kings, and I will dwell among them forever. 10 As for you, son of man, describe the temple to the people of Israel, so that they may be ashamed of their iniquities. Let them measure the plan, 11 and if they are ashamed of all they have done, then make known to them the design of the temple—its arrangement and its exits and entrances—its whole design along with all its statutes, forms, and laws. Write it down in their sight, so that they may keep its complete design and all its statutes and may carry them out.
Millennium in the Books of Minor Prophets
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The number of Israelites will be great
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In the same place where God called Israelites not His people they will be called the sons of the living God
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The people of Judah and Israel will be gathered together and they will appoint for themselves one leader
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This will happen during the time of Jerzeel-Armageddon
10 Yet the number of the Israelites will be like the sand of the sea, which cannot be measured or counted. And it will happen that in the very place where it was said to them, ‘You are not My people,’ they will be called ‘sons of the living God.’ 11 Then the people of Judah and of Israel will be gathered together, and they will appoint for themselves one leader, and will go up out of the land. For great will be the day of Jezreel (Armageddon).
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Israelites must live a long time without a ruler and without a sanctuary
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Afterwards they will return and Seek Yahweh their God and David their King
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In the last days they will come trembling to Yahweh
4 For the Israelites must live many days without king or prince, without sacrifice or sacred pillar, and without ephod or idol. 5 Afterward, the people of Israel will return and seek Yahweh their God and David their king. They will come trembling to Yahweh and to His goodness in the last days.
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In the day of the Lord Yahweh will be refuge for His people
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Jerusalem will be holy
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Jerusalem will never be invaded again
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The land of Israel will have abundant water and food
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Egypt and Edom will be desolate
14 Multitudes, multitudes in the valley of decision! For the Day of Yahweh is near in the valley of decision. 15 The sun and moon will grow dark, and the stars will no longer shine. 16 Yahweh will roar from Zion and raise His voice from Jerusalem; heaven and earth will tremble. But Yahweh will be a refuge for His people, a stronghold for the people of Israel. 17 Then you will know that I am Yahweh your God, who dwells in Zion, My holy mountain. Jerusalem will be holy, never again to be overrun by foreigners. 18 And in that day the mountains will drip with sweet wine, and the hills will flow with milk. All the streams of Judah will run with water, and a spring will flow from the house of Yahweh to water the Valley of Acacias. 19 Egypt will become desolate, and Edom a desert wasteland, because of the violence done to the people of Judah, in whose land they shed innocent blood. 20 But Judah will be inhabited forever, and Jerusalem from generation to generation. 21 For I will avenge their blood, which I have not yet avenged.” For Yahweh dwells in Zion.
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In that day Yahweh will restore the fallen tent of David
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The remnant of gentiles will be calling on Yahweh’s name
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There will be abundance in the land of Israel
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Yahweh will plant His people in their own land
11 “In that day I will restore the fallen tent of David. I will repair its gaps, restore its ruins, and rebuild it as in the days of old, 12 that the remnant of Edom, and all the Gentiles upon whom my name is called, may earnestly seek me,” declares Yahweh, who will do this. 13 “Behold, the days are coming,” declares Yahweh, “when the plowman will overtake the reaper and the treader of grapes, the sower of seed. The mountains will drip with sweet wine, with which all the hills will flow. 14 I will restore My people Israel from captivity; they will rebuild and inhabit the ruined cities. They will plant vineyards and drink their wine; they will make gardens and eat their fruit. 15 I will firmly plant them in their own land, never again to be uprooted from the land that I have given them,” says Yahweh your God.
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The Day of Yahweh is near to all the nations
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They will be judges according to their deeds
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It will consume the house of Esau
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The land will be redistributed
15 For the Day of Yahweh is near for all the nations. As you have done, it will be done to you; your recompense will return upon your own head. 16 For as you drank on My holy mountain, so all the nations will drink continually. They will drink and gulp it down; they will be as if they had never existed. 17 But on Mount Zion there will be deliverance, and it will be holy, and the house of Jacob will reclaim their possession. 18 Then the house of Jacob will be a blazing fire, and the house of Joseph a burning flame; but the house of Esau will be stubble— Jacob will set it ablaze and consume it. Therefore no survivor will remain from the house of Esau.” For Yahweh has spoken. 19 Those from the Negev will possess the mountains of Esau; those from the foothills will possess the land of the Philistines. They will occupy the fields of Ephraim and Samaria, and Benjamin will possess Gilead. 20 And the exiles of this host of the Israelites will possess the land of the Canaanites as far as Zarephath; and the exiles from Jerusalem who are in Sepharad will possess the cities of the Negev. 21 The deliverers will ascend Mount Zion to rule over the mountains of Esau. And the kingdom will belong to Yahweh.
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In the last days the mountain of the house of Yahweh will be established as the chief of the mountains
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Nations will stream to it
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Yahweh will teach them His ways
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The law will go forth from Zion and the word of Yahweh from Jerusalem
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Yahweh will judge between nations
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There will be peace
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Yahweh will gather the remnant of His people and make them a strong nation
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Yahweh will rule over them in Mount Zion forever
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Sovereignty will come to the daughter of Jerusalem
1 In the last days the mountain of the house of Yahweh will be established as the chief of the mountains; it will be raised above the hills, and the peoples will stream to it. 2 And many nations will come and say: “Come, let us go up to the mountain of Yahweh, to the house of the God of Jacob. He will teach us His ways, so that we may walk in His paths.” For the law will go forth from Zion and the word of Yahweh from Jerusalem. 3 Then He will judge between many peoples and arbitrate for strong nations far and wide. Then they will beat their swords into plowshares and their spears into pruning hooks. Nation will no longer take up the sword against nation, nor will they train anymore for war. 4 And each man will sit under his own vine and under his own fig tree, with no one to frighten him. For the mouth of Yahweh of Hosts has spoken. 5 Though each of the peoples may walk in the name of his god, yet we will walk in the name of Yahweh our God forever and ever. 6 “On that day,” declares Yahweh, “I will gather the lame; I will assemble the outcast, even those whom I have afflicted. 7 And I will make the lame into a remnant, and the outcast into a strong nation. Then Yahweh will rule over them in Mount Zion from that day and forever. 8 And you, O watchtower of the flock, O stronghold of the Daughter of Zion— the former dominion will be restored to you; sovereignty will come to the Daughter of Jerusalem.”
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Out of Bethlehem Ephrathah will come out One to be ruler over Israel
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His origins are from the early days of eternity (Daniel 7:13,22)
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Israel will be abandoned until she who is in labor has given birth (Isaiah 7:14, Luke 1:35)
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The rest of His brothers will return to the children of Israel
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He will shepherd His flock in the strength of Yahweh
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Israel will dwell securely
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His greatness will extend to the ends of the earth
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When Assyria invades Israel He will be their peace
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He and His shepherds will rule Assyria with the sword
1 Now, O daughter of troops, mobilize your troops; for a siege is laid against us! With a rod they will strike the cheek of the judge of Israel. 2 But you, Bethlehem Ephrathah, who are small among the clans of Judah, out of you will come forth for Me One to be ruler over Israel— One whose origins are of old, from the days of eternity. 3 Therefore Israel will be abandoned until she who is in labor has given birth; then the rest of His brothers will return to the children of Israel. 4 He will stand and shepherd His flock in the strength of Yahweh, in the majestic name of Yahweh His God. And they will dwell securely, for then His greatness will extend to the ends of the earth. 5 And He will be our peace when Assyria invades our land and tramples our citadels. We will raise against it seven shepherds, even eight leaders of men. 6 And they will rule the land of Assyria with the sword, and the land of Nimrod with the blade drawn. So He will deliver us when Assyria invades our land and marches into our borders.
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Yahweh will return to Zion and dwell in Jerusalem
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Jerusalem will be called the city of truth
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Mount Zion will be called the Holy Mountain
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Yahweh will bring his people back to dwell in Jerusalem
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Yahweh will give His people peace and prosperity for inheritance
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Many nations will come to seek Yahweh of Hosts in Jerusalem
1 Again the word of Yahweh of Hosts came to me, saying: 2 This is what Yahweh of Hosts says: “I am jealous for Zion with great zeal; I am jealous for her with great fervor.” 3 This is what Yahweh says: “I will return to Zion and dwell in Jerusalem. Then Jerusalem will be called the City of Truth, and the mountain of Yahweh of Hosts will be called the Holy Mountain.” 4 This is what Yahweh of Hosts says: “Old men and old women will again sit along the streets of Jerusalem, each with a staff in hand because of great age. 5 And the streets of the city will be filled with boys and girls playing there.” 6 This is what Yahweh of Hosts says: “If this is impossible in the eyes of the remnant of this people in these days, should it also be impossible in My eyes?” declares Yahweh of Hosts. 7 This is what Yahweh of Hosts says: “I will save My people from the land of the east and from the land of the west. 8 I will bring them back to dwell in Jerusalem, where they will be My people, and I will be their faithful and righteous God.” 9 This is what Yahweh of Hosts says: “Let your hands be strong, you who now hear these words spoken by the prophets who were present when the foundations were laid to rebuild the temple, the house of Yahweh of Hosts. 10 For before those days neither man nor beast received wages, nor was there safety from the enemy for anyone who came or went, for I had turned every man against his neighbor. 11 But now I will not treat the remnant of this people as I did in the past,” declares Yahweh of Hosts. 12 “For the seed will be prosperous, the vine will yield its fruit, the ground will yield its produce, and the skies will give their dew. To the remnant of this people I will give all these things as an inheritance. 13 As you have been a curse among the nations, O house of Judah and house of Israel, so I will save you, and you will be a blessing. Do not be afraid; let your hands be strong.” 14 For this is what Yahweh of Hosts says: “Just as I resolved to bring disaster upon you when your fathers provoked Me to anger, and I did not relent,” says Yahweh of Hosts, 15 “so now I have resolved to do good again to Jerusalem and Judah. Do not be afraid. 16 These are the things you must do: Speak truth to one another, render true and sound judgments in your gates, 17 do not plot evil in your hearts against your neighbor, and do not love to swear falsely, for I hate all these things,” declares Yahweh. 18 Then the word of Yahweh of Hosts came to me, saying, 19 “This is what Yahweh of Hosts says: The fasts of the fourth, the fifth, the seventh, and the tenth months will become times of joy and gladness, cheerful feasts for the house of Judah. Therefore you are to love both truth and peace.” 20 This is what Yahweh of Hosts says: “Peoples will yet come—the residents of many cities— 21 and the residents of one city will go to another, saying: ‘Let us go at once to plead before Yahweh and to seek Yahweh of Hosts. I myself am going.’ 22 And many peoples and strong nations will come to seek Yahweh of Hosts in Jerusalem and to plead before Yahweh.” 23 This is what Yahweh of Hosts says: “In those days ten men from the nations of every tongue will tightly grasp the robe of a Jew, saying, ‘Let us go with you, for we have heard that God is with you.’ ”
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The day of Yahweh is coming
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He will gather all nations against Jerusalem and it will be captured
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Yahweh will go out against those nations
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His feet will stand on the Mount of Olives
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The Mount of Olives will be split in two from east to west
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Yahweh will come with all His holy ones (Matthew 25:31)
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On that day there will not be day or night
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On that day the living water will flow out of Jerusalem towards the east and towards the west
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On that day Yahweh will become king over all the earth
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The land around Jerusalem will be turned into plain while Jerusalem will be raised up
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Jerusalem will dwell securely
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Yahweh will strike all the people who warred against Jerusalem with a plague of rotting flesh
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The wealth of all surrounding nations will be collected in Jerusalem
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All the survivors from the nations will go up to Jerusalem every year to celebrate the Feast of Tabernacles
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If any family of the earth will not go to Jerusalem to worship Yahweh the rain will be withheld from them
1 Behold, a day of Yahweh is coming when your plunder will be divided in your presence. 2 For I will gather all the nations for battle against Jerusalem, and the city will be captured, the houses looted, and the women ravished. Half of the city will go into exile, but the rest of the people will not be removed from the city. 3 Then Yahweh will go out to fight against those nations, as He fights in the day of battle. 4 On that day His feet will stand on the Mount of Olives, east of Jerusalem, and the Mount of Olives will be split in two from east to west, forming a great valley, with half the mountain moving to the north and half to the south. 5 You will flee by My mountain valley, for it will extend to Azal. You will flee as you fled from the earthquake in the days of Uzziah king of Judah. Then Yahweh my God will come, and all the holy ones with Him. 6 On that day there will be no light, no cold or frost. 7 It will be a day known only to Yahweh, without day or night; but when evening comes, there will be light. 8 And on that day living water will flow out from Jerusalem, half of it toward the Eastern Sea and the other half toward the Western Sea, in summer and winter alike. 9 On that day Yahweh will become King over all the earth—Yahweh alone, and His name alone. 10 All the land from Geba to Rimmon south of Jerusalem will be turned into a plain, but Jerusalem will be raised up and will remain in her place, from the Benjamin Gate to the site of the First Gate to the Corner Gate, and from the Tower of Hananel to the royal winepresses. 11 People will live there, and never again will there be an utter destruction. So Jerusalem will dwell securely. 12 And this will be the plague with which Yahweh strikes all the peoples who have warred against Jerusalem: Their flesh will rot while they stand on their feet, their eyes will rot in their sockets, and their tongues will rot in their mouths. 13 On that day a great panic from Yahweh will come upon them, so that each will seize the hand of another, and the hand of one will rise against the other. 14 Judah will also fight at Jerusalem, and the wealth of all the surrounding nations will be collected—gold, silver, and apparel in great abundance. 15 And a similar plague will strike the horses and mules, camels and donkeys, and all the animals in those camps. 16 Then all the survivors from the nations that came against Jerusalem will go up year after year to worship the King, Yahweh of Hosts, and to celebrate the Feast of Tabernacles. 17 And should any of the families of the earth not go up to Jerusalem to worship the King, Yahweh of Hosts, then the rain will not fall on them. 18 And if the people of Egypt will not go up and enter in, then the rain will not fall on them; this will be the plague with which Yahweh strikes the nations who do not go up to celebrate the Feast of Tabernacles. 19 This will be the punishment of Egypt and of all the nations that do not go up to celebrate the Feast of Tabernacles. 20 On that day, HOLY TO THE LORD will be inscribed on the bells of the horses, and the cooking pots in the house of Yahweh will be like the sprinkling bowls before the altar. 21 Indeed, every pot in Jerusalem and Judah will be holy to Yahweh of Hosts, and all who sacrifice will come and take some pots and cook in them. And on that day there will no longer be a Canaanite in the house of Yahweh of Hosts.
Key Features of the Millennial Kingdom in the New Testament
Promise of Thrones and Authority:
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Jesus promises His disciples thrones in His kingdom.
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His disciples will judge the twelve tribes of Israel.
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Those who overcome and remain faithful to Christ will receive authority to rule over the nations.
Renewal and Millennial Reign:
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In the renewal of all things, Jesus will sit on His glorious throne.
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Heaven will retain Jesus until the time of restoration.
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Satan's binding for 1000 years prevents deception of the nations.
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Saints, resurrected, will reign with Christ for the same period.
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Following the millennium, Satan's brief release will occur, with saints then judging mankind.
Prophecies of the Millennial Kingdom in the New Testament
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In the renewal of all things the Son of Man (Jesus) will sit on His glorious throne
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His disciples will sit on twelve thrones and will judge the twelve tribes of Israel
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The first will be last and the last will be first
28 Jesus said to them, “Truly I tell you, in the renewal of all things, when the Son of Man sits on His glorious throne, you who have followed Me will also sit on twelve thrones, judging the twelve tribes of Israel. 29 And everyone who has left houses or brothers or sisters or father or mother or wife or children or fields for the sake of My name will receive a hundredfold and will inherit eternal life. 30 But many who are first will be last, and the last will be first.
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Jesus will bestow a kingdom on His disciples
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The disciples will sit on thrones and will judge the twelve tribes of Israel
28 You are the ones who have stood by Me in My trials. 29 And I bestow on you a kingdom, just as My Father has bestowed one on Me, 30 so that you may eat and drink at My table in My kingdom, and sit on thrones, judging the twelve tribes of Israel.
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Heaven must take Jesus until the time comes for restoration of all things
18 But in this way God has fulfilled what He foretold through all the prophets, saying that His Christ would suffer. 19 Repent, then, and turn back, so that your sins may be wiped away, 20 that times of refreshing may come from the presence of the Lord, and that He may send Jesus, the Christ, who has been appointed for you. 21 Heaven must take Him in until the time comes for the restoration of all things, which God announced long ago through His holy prophets.
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The saints (followers of Christ) will judge the world
2 Do you not know that the saints will judge the world? And if you are to judge the world, are you not competent to judge trivial cases?
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To the ones who overcome and continue Christ’s work to the end, He will give authority to rule over the nations
26 And to the one who overcomes and continues in My work until the end, I will give authority over the nations. 27 He will rule them with an iron scepter and shatter them like pottery —just as I have received authority from My Father.
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Satan will be bound and thrown into Abyss for 1000 years so he cannot deceive the nations
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The saints will be resurrected and will reign with Christ for 1000 years
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After that he will be released for a short time
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Saints will be given authority to judge mankind
1 Then I saw an angel coming down from heaven with the key to the Abyss, holding in his hand a great chain. 2 He seized the dragon, that ancient serpent who is the devil and Satan, and bound him for a thousand years. 3 And he threw him into the Abyss, shut it, and sealed it over him, so that he could not deceive the nations until the thousand years were complete. After that, he must be released for a brief period of time. 4 Then I saw the thrones, and those seated on them had been given authority to judge. And I saw the souls of those who had been beheaded for their testimony of Jesus and for the word of God, and those who had not worshiped the beast or its image, and had not received its mark on their foreheads or hands. And they came to life and reigned with Christ for a thousand years. 5 The rest of the dead did not come back to life until the thousand years were complete. This is the first resurrection. 6 Blessed and holy are those who share in the first resurrection! The second death has no power over them, but they will be priests of God and of Christ, and will reign with Him for a thousand years.
Different Views of Millennial Kingdom
The concept of the millennium within Christian theology, is derived mainly from the Book of Revelation in the New Testament ignoring its roots in the Old Testament prophecies. This concept, taken out of context, has sparked diverse interpretations and debates . Broadly speaking, there are three main views regarding the biblical millennium:
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Premillennialism: Premillennialism posits that Christ will return before the millennium, inaugurating a literal thousand-year reign on Earth. This view emphasizes a distinction between God's plan for Israel and the Church, expecting a period of tribulation followed by Christ's visible return to establish His kingdom. Variations within premillennialism include dispensational premillennialism, which divides history into distinct dispensations and sees a unique role for Israel in God's future plans. Premillennialism finds support in early church figures such as Papias, Irenaeus, Justin Martyr, Tertullian, and others. However, the premillennial views associated with Montanism likely contributed to its later rejection by the Church, as Montanism was considered heretical."
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Amillennialism: Amillennialism interprets the millennium allegorically, viewing it as the present age between Christ's first and second comings. Unlike premillennialism and postmillennialism, amillennialism does not anticipate a literal thousand-year earthly reign of Christ. Instead, it sees the millennium as the period during which Christ reigns spiritually from heaven, with believers participating in His kingdom through faith. Amillennialists typically understand the book of Revelation as conveying primarily spiritual truths rather than literal future events. Amillennialism emerged in the second century, with early Christian theologians such as the Alogi, Caius, Clement of Alexandria and Origen supporting this interpretation.Justin Martyr acknowledged differing beliefs. Pope Gregory the Great shifted from premillennialism to amillennialism, while certain second century Gnostic sects also rejected millennialism.
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Postmillennialism: Postmillennialism posits that the thousand-year reign described in Revelation is not a literal period but rather a symbolic representation of an extended era of righteousness and peace brought about by the gradual spread of the gospel. In this view, Christ's second coming occurs after the millennium, as the culmination of human history. Postmillennialists anticipate a future where Christianity increasingly influences society, leading to a golden age characterized by righteousness, peace, and prosperity before Christ's return. The Savoy Declaration of 1658 outlines early postmillennial beliefs, envisioning a peaceful and glorious future for the Church following the defeat of antichrist and the expansion of Christ's kingdom.
Each of these views reflects different theological frameworks and hermeneutical approaches to interpreting biblical prophecy, and adherents of each perspective find support for their beliefs in various passages of Scripture. Understanding these different viewpoints, together with biblical and historical context can enrich your discussions about eschatology.
In summary, the Millennial Kingdom stands as a testament to God's faithfulness and His ultimate plan for humanity. Through the reign of Jesus Christ, peace, prosperity, and blessing abound, offering a glimpse of the future awaiting those who place their trust in Him.
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